Focus Group
☻Qualitative Method:
Explore how players feel and behave through interviews, observations, and open-ended feedback.
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Best Stage: Early Concept
Primary Goal: Explore expectations & reactions
Effort: Moderate
Overview
A focus group is a moderated discussion with a small group of players where researchers gather qualitative feedback on a game concept, mechanic, experience, or feature. The goal is to explore opinions, motivations, expectations, and perceptions in a social, conversational setting.
Focus groups are especially useful for:
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Testing early concepts or prototypes
(e.g., game themes, characters, or art style)
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Understanding player expectations
(e.g., “What do you look for in a good tutorial?”)
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Gathering post-playtest feedback
(e.g., How did the game feel? What was confusing?)
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Exploring social dynamics in multiplayer or co-op games
Not ideal when:
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You need precise usability or performance data
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You’re testing moment-to-moment gameplay
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Group influence might bias responses
How to Run a Focus Group
1. Define Your Goal
Start with one clear objective. Focus groups work best when you’re exploring ideas, not validating usability.
Ask yourself:
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What do we want to learn?
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What decisions will this inform?
Good goals:
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Understand reactions to a new game concept
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Explore expectations for onboarding or progression
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Gather feedback on tone, theme, or art style
2. Recruit the Right Players
Choose participants who reflect the intended audience for your game.
Recommended setup:
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4–8 participants
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Similar experience level (avoid mixing experts and beginners)
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Prior exposure to the genre helps, but isn’t required
3. Prepare Discussion Questions
Plan open-ended questions that encourage discussion, not yes/no answers.
Example prompts:
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“What stood out to you about this concept?”
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“What would you expect this game to feel like after an hour?”
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“What feels confusing or unclear?”
Avoid leading questions or asking players how they’d “fix” the game.
4. Choose Your Materials
Decide what you’ll show or play together:
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Concept art or mood boards
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Design docs or feature descriptions
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Short gameplay clips or builds
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Paper or Figma prototypes
Keep materials lightweight—focus groups are about conversation, not performance.
5. Moderate the Session
As the moderator, your role is to guide, not lead.
Best practices:
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Encourage everyone to speak
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Watch for dominant voices
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Ask follow-up “why?” questions
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Stay neutral and curious
Let disagreement happen—it often reveals valuable insights.
6. Capture the Conversation
Record the session if possible, or take structured notes.
Focus on:
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Repeated themes
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Strong emotional reactions
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Moments of confusion or excitement
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Differences in opinion
Exact quotes are often more useful than summaries.
7. Synthesize and Act
After the session, review notes and identify patterns.
Turn insights into:
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Key takeaways
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Design risks or opportunities
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Clear next steps
A good rule of thumb: If you can’t act on it, it’s not an insight yet.
More Resources:
​Grossman, L. (2007, August 2). Halo 2: Inside Bungie’s Usability Lab. Wired. https://www.wired.com/2007/08/ff-halo-2/